Table 2 Multivariate analysis between two periods using logistic regression for meal pattern
Meal pattern | Multiple-choice responses | Before n (%) | During n (%) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
How many times a day do you eat? | One time | 5 (1.2) | 4 (1.0) | - | - |
Two times | 56 (13.5) | 43 (10.4) | 0.96 (0.24–4.08) | 0.29 (0.05–1.68) | |
Three times | 124 (29.9) | 112 (27.0) | 1.13 (0.29–4.66) | 0.36 (0.06–1.99) | |
Four times | 131 (31.6) | 104 (25.1) | 0.99 (0.26–4.10) | 0.36 (0.06–2.02) | |
Five times | 80 (19.3) | 89 (21.4) | 1.39 (0.36–5.79) | 0.43 (0.08–2.47) | |
Six or more | 19 (4.6) | 63 (15.2) | 4.14 (1.00–18.26) | 0.88 (0.14–5.70) | |
What meal would you consider to be your main meal? | Dinner | 49 (11.8) | 102 (24.6) | 1.10 (0.44–2.60) | 1.56 (0.44–5.25) |
Breakfast | 78 (18.8) | 58 (14.0) | 0.39 (0.16–0.93) | 0.42 (0.12–1.41) | |
Lunch | 279 (67.2) | 238 (57.3) | 0.45 (0.19–1.01) | 0.66 (0.20–2.07) | |
Other | 9 (2.2) | 17 (4.1) | - | - | |
Skipping meal breakfast | No | 254 (61.2) | 242 (58.3) | - | - |
Yes | 161 (38.8) | 173 (41.7) | 1.13 (0.85–1.49) | 0.62 (0.38–1.01) | |
Skipping meal snack (breakfast and lunch) | No | 281 (67.7) | 308 (74.2) | - | - |
Yes | 134 (32.3) | 107 (25.8) | 0.73 (0.54–0.98) | 0.77 (0.49–1.21) | |
Skipping meal lunch | No | 378 (91.1) | 358 (86.3) | - | - |
Yes | 37 (8.9) | 57 (13.7) | 1.63 (1.05–2.54) | 0.93 (0.48–1.81) | |
Skipping meal snack between lunch and dinner | No | 295 (71.1) | 363 (87.5) | - | - |
Yes | 120 (28.9) | 52 (12.5) | 0.35 (0.24–0.50) | 0.49 (0.29–0.81) | |
Skipping meal dinner | No | 296 (71.3) | 331 (79.8) | - | - |
Yes | 119 (28.7) | 84 (20.2) | 0.63 (0.46–0.87) | 0.64 (0.38–1.08) | |
None skipping meal | No | 400 (96.4) | 392 (94.5) | - | - |
Yes | 15 (3.6) | 23 (5.5) | 1.56 (0.81–3.10, p = 0.187) | 0.58 (0.22–1.53) | |
How likely are you to have a late night snack or meal? (past 10 pm) | Never | 89 (21.4) | 65 (15.7) | - | - |
Rarely | 135 (32.5) | 82 (19.8) | 0.83 (0.55–1.27) | 0.77 (0.45–1.32) | |
Occasionally | 140 (33.7) | 136 (32.8) | 1.33 (0.90–1.98) | 1.65 (0.96–2.87) | |
Usually | 51 (12.3) | 132 (31.8) | 3.54 (2.26–5.62) | 3.57 (1.79–7.26) | |
How is your main meal prepared? | Freshly made | 306 (73.7) | 386 (93.0) | 13.88 (2.68–254.35) | 59.18 (6.55–1400.76) |
Restaurant | 61 (14.7) | 9 (2.2) | 1.62 (0.26–31.45) | 11.91 (1.11–305.06) | |
Microwave | 37 (8.9) | 19 (4.6) | 5.65 (0.98–107.13) | 22.56 (2.29–556.04) | |
None | 116 (28.0) | 341 (82.2) | - | - | |
Number of times a week you consume fast food | Other | 11 (2.7) | 1 (0.2) | - | - |
1–2/week | 205 (49.4) | 57 (13.7) | 0.09 (0.07–0.13) | 0.09 (0.06–0.14) | |
3–4/week | 72 (17.3) | 9 (2.2) | 0.04 (0.02–0.08) | 0.04 (0.02–0.09) | |
5 or more/week | 22 (5.3) | 8 (1.9) | 0.12 (0.05–0.27) | 0.10 (0.03–0.28) | |
Who prepares and cooks in your family | By my self | 86 (20.7) | 133 (32.0) | 1.55 (0.58–4.11) | 1.43 (0.37–5.50) |
Husband | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.5) | 2.00 (0.16–47.71) | 6.96 (0.29–279.42) | |
Wife | 59 (14.2) | 70 (16.9) | 1.19 (0.44–3.23) | 0.96 (0.25–3.72) | |
Father | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | - | - | |
Mother | 82 (19.8) | 74 (17.8) | 0.90 (0.34–2.43) | 1.05 (0.27–4.11) | |
Grandparents | 9 (2.2) | 6 (1.4) | 0.67 (0.16–2.65) | 1.06 (0.15–6.98) | |
Housekeeper | 169 (40.7) | 120 (28.9) | 0.71 (0.27–1.87) | 0.64 (0.17–2.40) | |
Other | 9 (2.2) | 9 (2.2) | - | - | |
Do you eat when you feel stressed, unhappy, angry, or bored? | Never | 100 (24.1) | 98 (23.6) | - | - |
Rarely | 103 (24.8) | 87 (21.0) | 0.86 (0.58–1.28) | 0.96 (0.57–1.62) | |
Occasionally | 149 (35.9) | 143 (34.5) | 0.98 (0.68–1.41) | 1.12 (0.69–1.83) | |
Usually | 63 (15.2) | 87 (21.0) | 1.41 (0.92–2.17) | 1.18 (0.62–2.28) |