Living arrangement | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
With spouse only | Living alone | With child and his/her spouse | With child without his/her spouse | With other family/person | P valuea | |
Total | n= 744 | n= 165 | n= 749 | n= 612 | n= 357 | |
Age (years) | ||||||
65–69 | 266 (35.8%) | 26 (15.8%) | 197 (26.3%) | 218 (35.6%) | 129 (36.1%) | < 0.001 |
70–74 | 273 (36.7%) | 57 (34.5%) | 243 (32.4%) | 207 (33.8%) | 114 (31.9%) | |
75–79 | 141 (19.0%) | 49 (29.7%) | 201 (26.8%) | 116 (19.0%) | 80 (22.4%) | |
80–84 | 53 (7.1%) | 26 (15.8%) | 85 (11.3%) | 52 (8.5%) | 27 (7.6%) | |
≥ 85 | 11 (1.5%) | 7 (4.2%) | 23 (3.1%) | 19 (3.1%) | 7 (2.0%) | |
Mean ± standard deviation years | (72.0 ± 4.9) | (74.8 ± 5.3) | (73.5 ± 5.4) | (72.4 ± 5.4) | (72.2 ± 5.3) | |
Educational attainment (years) | ||||||
≥ 10 | 493 (66.3%) | 104 (63.0%) | 416 (55.5%) | 333 (54.4%) | 184 (51.5%) | < 0.001 |
< 10 | 251 (33.7%) | 61 (37.0%) | 333 (44.5%) | 279 (45.6%) | 173 (48.5%) | |
Current drinking | ||||||
No | 433 (58.2%) | 119 (72.1%) | 461 (61.5%) | 389 (63.6%) | 217 (60.8%) | 0.014 |
Yes | 311 (41.8%) | 46 (27.9%) | 288 (38.5%) | 223 (36.4%) | 140 (39.2%) | |
Current smoking | ||||||
No | 692 (93.0%) | 153 (92.7%) | 699 (93.3%) | 556 (90.8%) | 326 (91.3%) | 0.408 |
Yes | 52 (7.0%) | 12 (7.3%) | 50 (6.7%) | 56 (9.2%) | 31 (8.7%) | |
History of major diseasesb | ||||||
No | 588 (79.0%) | 135 (81.8%) | 590 (78.8%) | 488 (79.7%) | 292 (81.8%) | 0.731 |
Yes | 156 (21.0%) | 30 (18.2%) | 159 (21.2%) | 124 (20.3%) | 65 (18.2%) | |
Depressive symptoms (GDS5) | ||||||
Normal (< 2 points) | 656 (88.2%) | 134 (81.2%) | 666 (88.9%) | 537 (87.7%) | 310 (86.8%) | 0.097 |
Have depressive symptoms (≥ 2 points) | 88 (11.8%) | 31 (18.8%) | 83 (11.1%) | 75 (12.3%) | 47 (13.2%) | |
Housework | ||||||
Mainly do | 449 (60.3%) | 156 (94.5%) | 311 (41.5%) | 356 (58.2%) | 191 (53.5%) | < 0.001 |
Not mainly do | 295 (39.7%) | 9 (5.5%) | 438 (58.5%) | 256 (41.8%) | 166 (46.5%) | |
Social participation | ||||||
Yes | 667 (89.7%) | 127 (77.0%) | 670 (89.5%) | 545 (89.1%) | 322 (90.2%) | < 0.001 |
No | 77 (10.3%) | 38 (23.0%) | 79 (10.5%) | 67 (10.9%) | 35 (9.8%) | |
Relationship with neighbors | ||||||
Frequent | 710 (95.4%) | 148 (89.7%) | 735 (98.1%) | 593 (96.9%) | 345 (96.6%) | < 0.001 |
Not frequent | 34 (4.6%) | 17 (10.3%) | 14 (1.9%) | 19 (3.1%) | 12 (3.4%) | |
Men | n= 370 | n= 41 | n= 349 | n= 279 | n= 160 | |
Age (years) | ||||||
65–69 | 106 (28.6%) | 8 (19.5%) | 82 (23.5%) | 108 (38.7%) | 66 (41.3%) | < 0.001 |
70–74 | 137 (37.0%) | 14 (34.1%) | 116 (33.2%) | 90 (32.3%) | 41 (25.6%) | |
75–79 | 82 (22.2%) | 10 (24.4%) | 95 (27.2%) | 49 (17.6%) | 37 (23.1%) | |
80–84 | 35 (9.5%) | 5 (12.2%) | 42 (12.0%) | 27 (9.7%) | 12 (7.5%) | |
≥ 85 | 10 (2.7%) | 4 (9.8%) | 14 (4.0%) | 5 (1.8%) | 4 (2.5%) | |
Mean ± standard deviation years | (72.9 ± 5.2) | (74.7 ± 6.2) | (73.9 ± 5.6) | (72.1 ± 5.3) | (72.0 ± 5.5) | |
Educational attainment (years) | ||||||
≥ 10 | 246 (66.5%) | 23 (56.1%) | 187 (53.6%) | 155 (55.6%) | 80 (50.0%) | 0.001 |
< 10 | 124 (33.5%) | 18 (43.9%) | 162 (46.4%) | 124 (44.4%) | 80 (50.0%) | |
Current drinking | ||||||
No | 117 (31.6%) | 14 (34.1%) | 118 (33.8%) | 93 (33.3%) | 49 (30.6%) | 0.940 |
Yes | 253 (68.4%) | 27 (65.9%) | 231 (66.2%) | 186 (66.7%) | 111 (69.4%) | |
Current smoking | ||||||
No | 321 (86.8%) | 31 (75.6%) | 301 (86.2%) | 226 (81.0%) | 133 (83.1%) | 0.111 |
Yes | 49 (13.2%) | 10 (24.4%) | 48 (13.8%) | 53 (19.0%) | 27 (16.9%) | |
History of major diseasesb | ||||||
No | 269 (72.7%) | 31 (75.6%) | 256 (73.4%) | 201 (72.0%) | 117 (73.1%) | 0.990 |
Yes | 101 (27.3%) | 10 (24.4%) | 93 (26.6%) | 78 (28.0%) | 43 (26.9%) | |
Depressive symptoms (GDS5) | ||||||
Normal (< 2 points) | 332 (89.7%) | 30 (73.2%) | 308 (88.3%) | 253 (90.7%) | 136 (85.0%) | 0.011 |
Have depressive symptoms (≥ 2 points) | 38 (10.3%) | 11 (26.8%) | 41 (11.7%) | 26 (9.3%) | 24 (15.0%) | |
Housework | ||||||
Mainly do | 84 (22.7%) | 35 (85.4%) | 59 (16.9%) | 69 (24.7%) | 42 (26.3%) | < 0.001 |
Not mainly do | 286 (77.3%) | 6 (14.6%) | 290 (83.1%) | 210 (75.3%) | 118 (73.8%) | |
Social participation | ||||||
Yes | 340 (91.9%) | 36 (87.8%) | 328 (94.0%) | 255 (91.4%) | 150 (93.8%) | 0.485 |
No | 30 (8.1%) | 5 (12.2%) | 21 (6.0%) | 24 (8.6%) | 10 (6.3%) | |
Relationship with neighbors | ||||||
Frequent | 351 (94.9%) | 36 (87.8%) | 342 (98.0%) | 265 (95.0%) | 151 (94.4%) | 0.020 |
Not frequent | 19 (5.1%) | 5 (12.2%) | 7 (2.0%) | 14 (5.0%) | 9 (5.6%) | |
Women | n= 374 | n= 124 | n= 400 | n= 333 | n= 197 | |
Age (years) | ||||||
65–69 | 160 (42.8%) | 18 (14.5%) | 115 (28.8%) | 110 (33.0%) | 63 (32.0%) | < 0.001 |
70–74 | 136 (36.4%) | 43 (34.7%) | 127 (31.8%) | 117 (35.1%) | 73 (37.1%) | |
75–79 | 59 (15.8%) | 39 (31.5%) | 106 (26.5%) | 67 (20.1%) | 43 (21.8%) | |
80–84 | 18 (4.8%) | 21 (16.9%) | 43 (10.8%) | 25 (7.5%) | 15 (7.6%) | |
≥ 85 | 1 (0.3%) | 3 (2.4%) | 9 (2.3%) | 14 (4.2%) | 3 (1.5%) | |
Mean ± standard deviation years | (71.0 ± 4.2) | (74.9 ± 5.1) | (73.2 ± 5.2) | (72.8 ± 5.5) | (72.4 ± 5.1) | |
Educational attainment (years) | ||||||
≥ 10 | 247 (66.0%) | 81 (65.3%) | 229 (57.3%) | 178 (53.5%) | 104 (52.8%) | 0.002 |
< 10 | 127 (34.0%) | 43 (34.7%) | 171 (42.8%) | 155 (46.5%) | 93 (47.2%) | |
Current drinking | ||||||
No | 316 (84.5%) | 105 (84.7%) | 343 (85.8%) | 296 (88.9%) | 168 (85.3%) | 0.509 |
Yes | 58 (15.5%) | 19 (15.3%) | 57 (14.3%) | 37 (11.1%) | 29 (14.7%) | |
Current smoking | ||||||
No | 371 (99.2%) | 122 (98.4%) | 398 (99.5%) | 330 (99.1%) | 193 (98.0%) | 0.428 |
Yes | 3 (0.8%) | 2 (1.6%) | 2 (0.5%) | 3 (0.9%) | 4 (2.0%) | |
History of major diseasesb | ||||||
No | 319 (85.3%) | 104 (83.9%) | 334 (83.5%) | 287 (86.2%) | 175 (88.8%) | 0.491 |
Yes | 55 (14.7%) | 20 (16.1%) | 66 (16.5%) | 46 (13.8%) | 22 (11.2%) | |
Depressive symptoms (GDS5) | ||||||
Normal (< 2 points) | 324 (86.6%) | 104 (83.9%) | 358 (89.5%) | 284 (85.3%) | 174 (88.3%) | 0.340 |
Have depressive symptoms (≥ 2 points) | 50 (13.4%) | 20 (16.1%) | 42 (10.5%) | 49 (14.7%) | 23 (11.7%) | |
Housework | ||||||
Mainly do | 365 (97.6%) | 121 (97.6%) | 252 (63.0%) | 287 (86.2%) | 149 (75.6%) | < 0.001 |
Not mainly do | 9 (2.4%) | 3 (2.4%) | 148 (37.0%) | 46 (13.8%) | 48 (24.4%) | |
Social participation | ||||||
Yes | 327 (87.4%) | 91 (73.4%) | 342 (85.5%) | 290 (87.1%) | 172 (87.3%) | 0.002 |
No | 47 (12.6%) | 33 (26.6%) | 58 (14.5%) | 43 (12.9%) | 25 (12.7%) | |
Relationship with neighbors | ||||||
Frequent | 359 (96.0%) | 112 (90.3%) | 393 (98.3%) | 328 (98.5%) | 194 (98.5%) | < 0.001 |
Not frequent | 15 (4.0%) | 12 (9.7%) | 7 (1.8%) | 5 (1.5%) | 3 (1.5%) |