From: The relationship between metabolic syndrome and the incidence of colorectal cancer
Characteristics | Category | No. of study population | No. of colorectal cancer | Cumulative incidence rate (per 1000) | Incidence density (per 10,000 person-years) | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal | Pre-MetS | MetS | Total | Normal | Pre-MetS | MetS | Total | Normal | Pre-MetS | MetS | p value | Total | p value | Normal | Pre-MetS | MetS | p value | Total | p value | ||
Total | 1,016,532 | 1,320,685 | 332,269 | 2,669,486 | 2119 | 3827 | 1493 | 7439 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 4.8 | 3.0 | |||||
Age | 30–39 | 44,462 | 24,310 | 1909 | 70,681 | 29 | 14 | 1 | 44 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | < 0.001 | 0.6 | < 0.001 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | < 0.001 | 0.7 | < 0.001 |
40–49 | 355,151 | 277,454 | 33,864 | 666,469 | 363 | 323 | 46 | 732 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.4 | < 0.001 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.5 | < 0.001 | 1.2 | |||
50–59 | 424,813 | 555,494 | 114,030 | 1,094,337 | 1030 | 1464 | 416 | 2910 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 3.6 | < 0.001 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.9 | < 0.001 | 2.9 | |||
60–69 | 192,106 | 463,427 | 182,466 | 837,999 | 697 | 2026 | 1030 | 3753 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 5.6 | < 0.001 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 4.7 | 6.0 | < 0.001 | 4.8 | |||
Smoking | Non-smoker | 958,586 | 1,249,613 | 312,149 | 2,520,348 | 1,997 | 3581 | 1393 | 6971 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 2.8 | < 0.001 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | 3.0 | < 0.001 |
Ex-smoker | 20,223 | 21,067 | 5,102 | 46,392 | 45 | 69 | 23 | 137 | 2.2 | 3.3 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | 3.2 | |||
Smoker | 31,594 | 42,661 | 13,015 | 87,270 | 71 | 155 | 68 | 294 | 2.2 | 3.6 | 5.2 | < 0.001 | 3.4 | 2.4 | 3.9 | 5.6 | < 0.001 | 3.6 | |||
Alcohol consumption | No drink | 695,610 | 956,081 | 255,189 | 1,906,880 | 1,460 | 2792 | 1167 | 5419 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 4.6 | < 0.001 | 2.8 | < 0.001 | 2.3 | 3.1 | 4.9 | < 0.001 | 3.0 | < 0.001 |
2–3/per month | 267,878 | 291,847 | 58,767 | 618,492 | 549 | 816 | 245 | 1610 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 4.2 | < 0.001 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 2.8 | |||
1–4/per week | 30,509 | 41,508 | 9,949 | 81,966 | 76 | 132 | 42 | 250 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 4.2 | < 0.001 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 3.3 | |||
5/per week | 8,547 | 13,865 | 3,936 | 26,348 | 18 | 42 | 17 | 77 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 4.3 | < 0.001 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 4.6 | < 0.001 | 3.1 | |||
Physical exercise, per week | No exercise | 529,972 | 692,901 | 179,742 | 1,402,615 | 1092 | 1998 | 781 | 3871 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 4.3 | < 0.001 | 2.8 | < 0.001 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 4.7 | < 0.001 | 3.0 | < 0.001 |
1–4/per week | 191,856 | 241,698 | 59,221 | 492,775 | 412 | 721 | 270 | 1403 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 4.6 | < 0.001 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 4.9 | < 0.001 | 3.1 | |||
5/per week | 288,778 | 379,098 | 91,511 | 759,387 | 611 | 1092 | 432 | 2135 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 4.7 | < 0.001 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 3.1 | 5.1 | < 0.001 | 3.0 | |||
FHx of cancer | No | 554,083 | 725,060 | 189,415 | 1,468,558 | 1,103 | 2069 | 854 | 4026 | 2.0 | 2.9 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 2.7 | < 0.001 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | 2.9 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 121,122 | 147,564 | 34,493 | 303,179 | 297 | 441 | 174 | 912 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 5.0 | < 0.001 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 3.2 | 5.4 | < 0.001 | 3.2 | |||
Height (cm) | <154 | 264,445 | 431,540 | 124,997 | 820,982 | 628 | 1419 | 613 | 2657 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 4.9 | < 0.001 | 3.2 | < 0.001 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 5.2 | < 0.001 | 3.5 | < 0.001 |
154–156 | 210,014 | 285,243 | 73,169 | 568,426 | 458 | 873 | 360 | 1691 | 2.7 | 4.0 | 5.7 | < 0.001 | 4.1 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 5.3 | < 0.001 | 3.2 | |||
157–160 | 285,846 | 344,154 | 80,677 | 710,677 | 606 | 946 | 302 | 1854 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 4.9 | < 0.001 | 3.3 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 4.0 | < 0.001 | 2.8 | |||
≥ 161 | 256,227 | 259,748 | 53,426 | 569,401 | 427 | 589 | 218 | 1234 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 3.7 | < 0.001 | 2.7 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 4.4 | < 0.001 | 2.3 | |||
Weight (kg) | < 52 | 413,406 | 340,565 | 29,049 | 783,020 | 770 | 943 | 121 | 1834 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 4.2 | < 0.001 | 2.3 | < 0.001 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 2.5 | <0.001 |
52–55 | 255,743 | 285,512 | 38,948 | 580,203 | 542 | 806 | 174 | 1522 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | 2.8 | |||
56–61 | 245,247 | 375,870 | 83,951 | 705,068 | 578 | 1127 | 377 | 2082 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | 3.2 | |||
≥ 62 | 102,136 | 318,738 | 180,321 | 601,195 | 229 | 951 | 821 | 2001 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 4.6 | < 0.001 | 3.3 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 4.9 | < 0.001 | 3.6 | |||
BMI (kg/m2) | < 18.5 | 69,872 | 34,585 | 1,015 | 105,472 | 113 | 69 | 4 | 186 | 1.6 | 3.3 | 3.9 | < 0.001 | 1.8 | < 0.001 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 4.3 | < 0.001 | 1.9 | < 0.001 |
18.5–22.9 | 650,264 | 583,930 | 51,625 | 1,285,819 | 1,270 | 1518 | 203 | 2991 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 3.9 | < 0.001 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 4.2 | < 0.001 | 2.5 | |||
23.0-24.9 | 199,271 | 340,173 | 69,405 | 608,849 | 488 | 1055 | 309 | 1852 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | 3.3 | |||
25.0–29.9 | 95,519 | 328,761 | 164,397 | 588,677 | 242 | 1083 | 770 | 2095 | 2.5 | 0.7 | 4.7 | < 0.001 | 3.6 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 5.0 | < 0.001 | 3.8 | |||
≥ 30.0 | 1,606 | 33,236 | 45,827 | 80,669 | 6 | 102 | 207 | 315 | 3.7 | 0.2 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 3.3 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | 4.2 | |||
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | <171 | 297,122 | 339,711 | 56,297 | 693,130 | 506 | 699 | 218 | 1423 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 3.9 | < 0.001 | 2.1 | < 0.001 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 4.2 | < 0.001 | 2.2 | < 0.001 |
171-192 | 285,233 | 308,510 | 65,401 | 659,144 | 528 | 852 | 289 | 1669 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 4.4 | < 0.001 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 4.7 | < 0.001 | 2.7 | |||
193–217 | 250,903 | 323,283 | 84,889 | 659,075 | 598 | 1033 | 382 | 2013 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | 3.3 | |||
≥ 218 | 183,274 | 349,181 | 125,682 | 658,137 | 487 | 1243 | 604 | 2334 | 2.7 | 1.4 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | 3.5 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 5.2 | < 0.001 | 3.8 | |||
ALT (IU/L) | <13 | 414,706 | 370,487 | 39,262 | 824,455 | 752 | 884 | 158 | 1794 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 4.0 | < 0.001 | 2.2 | < 0.001 | 1.9 | 2.6 | 4.3 | < 0.001 | 2.3 | < 0.001 |
13–15 | 219,168 | 259,979 | 43,677 | 522,824 | 453 | 754 | 183 | 1390 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 4.2 | < 0.001 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 2.8 | |||
16-21 | 230,941 | 354,345 | 88,877 | 674,163 | 554 | 1094 | 407 | 2055 | 2.4 | 1.6 | 4.6 | < 0.001 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 4.9 | < 0.001 | 3.3 | |||
≥ 22 | 151,717 | 335,874 | 160,453 | 648,044 | 360 | 1095 | 745 | 2200 | 2.4 | 1.1 | 4.6 | < 0.001 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 5.0 | < 0.001 | 3.6 | |||
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | > 10 | 986,791 | 1,281,381 | 325,615 | 2,593,787 | 2,060 | 3742 | 1464 | 7266 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 2.8 | < 0.001 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | 3.0 | < 0.001 |
8–10 | 25,669 | 32,557 | 5,620 | 63,846 | 51 | 74 | 25 | 150 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 4.4 | < 0.001 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | 2.5 | |||
< 8 | 4,005 | 6,650 | 1,005 | 11,660 | 8 | 11 | 4 | 23 | 2.0 | 1.2 | 4.0 | < 0.001 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 4.3 | < 0.001 | 2.1 | |||
Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | ≤ 1.5 | 999,732 | 1,298,976 | 326,608 | 2,625,316 | 2,090 | 3774 | 1466 | 7330 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 4.5 | < 0.001 | 2.8 | < 0.001 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | 3.0 | < 0.001 |
> 1.5 | 16,732 | 21,632 | 5,649 | 44,013 | 29 | 53 | 27 | 109 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 2.6 | 5.1 | < 0.001 | 2.7 |