From: Development of a questionnaire to assess ‘Hie’ symptoms using an evidence-based analysis
Questions | Frequency | Mean ± standard deviation |
---|---|---|
Screening item | ||
1. Hie (yes or no) | 732 | Yes: 655 |
Empirically used items | ||
2. Severity of Hie | 734 | 3.6 ± 3.0 |
3. Frequency of Hie | 655 | 1.7 ± 1.5 |
4. Disability in daily living caused by Hie | 725 | 0.9 ± 1.1 |
Newly selected items | ||
5. Hie with numbnessb | 699 | 0.7 ± 1.2 |
6. Hie with pricking feelingb | 697 | 0.6 ± 1.0 |
7. Hie with breezed feeling | 706 | 1.5 ± 1.5 |
8. Hie with shivery feeling | 700 | 1.2 ± 1.4 |
9. Hie with painb | 695 | 0.4 ± 0.9 |
10. Hie with swellingb | 703 | 0.7 ± 1.2 |
11. History of hyperperspirationa | 736 | 1.8 ± 1.5 |
12. Heat tolerance | 738 | 1.7 ± 1.5 |
13. Sensitivity to cold | 739 | 3.3 ± 1.3 |
14. Hie-like sensation in an airplane cabin | 734 | 2.4 ± 1.5 |
15. Reluctance to use tap water (cold water)b | 737 | 2.8 ± 1.4 |
16. Reluctance to use air conditioning in summer | 738 | 2.2 ± 1.3 |
17. Use of gloves or socks for Hie protection | 736 | 2.9 ± 1.6 |
18. Use of additional layers of clothing for Hie protection | 737 | 2.3 ± 1.5 |
19. Requirement of foot bathing for Hie protectionb | 739 | 1.8 ± 1.1 |
20. Use of an electric blanket or a foot warmer while sleeping | 738 | 2.1 ± 1.4 |
21. Requirement of heating devices in winter | 738 | 3.0 ± 1.5 |
22. Dislike of skiing or skating because of the coldb | 736 | 2.4 ± 1.5 |
23. Practising Seiza (sitting on one’s heels) or Agura (sitting cross-legged)a | 739 | 3.2 ± 1.2 |
24. Feeling good when sleeping with legs raiseda | 737 | 3.3 ± 1.1 |
25. Relief from Hie after playing sportsa | 734 | 3.6 ± 0.9 |
26. Relief from Hie after performing relaxing exercises (e.g. yoga, stretching)a | 732 | 3.3 ± 0.9 |
27. Dislike of cold drinks and foodsb | 737 | 1.7 ± 1.0 |
28. Dislike of vegetablesa | 737 | 1.5 ± 1.0 |
29. Reaction to room temperature (inner) different from othersb | 740 | 3.0 ± 1.2 |
30. Reaction to air temperature (outer) different from othersa | 740 | 2.8 ± 1.1 |
31. Use of a personal heater at one’s work placeb | 731 | 1.5 ± 1.0 |